Online Exclusives
Congenital mesenchymoma of tibia: Case report and review of literature
Fibrocartilaginous mesenchymoma is a rare bone tumor arising from long bones in children and adolescents. With only 21 cases reported in the literature, it is often not included in the differential diagnosis in patients with a bone tumor. Previously, the youngest case reported was in a 19-month-old boy, and a congenital variant had not been reported. We describe a case of congenital fibrocartilaginous mesenchymoma of the proximal tibia that presented shortly after birth. Biopsy of a suspected malignancy on imaging confirmed the diagnosis.Congenital infantile fibrosarcoma in a very low-birth-weight infant
We describe a prenatally diagnosed case with congenital infantile fibrosarcoma, which is a rare malignant tumor, of which there have been only 14 cases reported in the English literature. A giant mass on the left thigh was detected at 24 weeks' gestation by prenatal ultrasonography. Because of its rapid growth and nonreassuring fetal status in utero, the baby was delivered by cesarean delivery at 27 weeks' gestation. The case was complicated by hemorrhagic anemia, coagulopathy, and cardiac failure, and a tumor resection was performed on day 3.Congenital pancreatic cyst with Ivemark II syndrome: a rare case
An infant with congenital pancreatic cyst with Ivemark II syndrome is reported because it is a rare association. The infant had associated situs inversus, asplenia, and complex congenital heart disease. The pancreatic cyst was successfully managed by cystoduodenostomy because of connection to the biliary tract. The infant succumbed as a result of heart failure at age 2 months. Prognosis depends on the presence of life-threatening malformations.Cervical esophageal duplication cyst: case report and review of the literature
Cervical esophageal duplication cysts are rare congenital anomalies that can be successfully managed surgically. These anomalies are rare causes of upper airway obstruction. We present here a case of a cervical esophageal duplication cyst in an infant, along with a review of the literature concerning this anomaly.Successful thoracoscopic staged repair of bilateral congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) occurs in 1 of every 2000 to 3000 live births and accounts for 8% of all major congenital anomalies. Bilateral hernias account for no more than 1% of all types of CDH; furthermore, they are usually fatal prenatally. Those that survive are identified through a limited number of case reports. We are presenting an unusual case of bilateral CDH hernia in a neonate that was repaired successfully using a staged thoracoscopic approach. To our knowledge, this represents the first case in the world literature of bilateral CDH that was repaired thoracoscopically.Congenital tracheobiliary fistula
Congenital tracheobiliary fistula is a rare malformation that can present with a variety of respiratory symptoms. We present a case of a newborn patient with a tracheobiliary fistula and severe respiratory insufficiency needing extracorporal membrane oxygenation to recover.Neonatal congenital pancreatic cyst: diagnosis and management
Congenital pancreatic cysts are extremely rare in newborns. The case of a neonatal congenital pancreatic cyst with pancreatitis is reported. The rapid increase in cyst size concomitantly with clinical symptoms prompted surgical management. Intraoperatively, the pancreatic head showed signs of chronic pancreatitis, and in attempts to preserve most of the functional pancreatic tissue, a Roux-en-Y cystojejunostomy was performed. Histology demonstrated a true pancreatic cyst with degenerated epithelial lining.Congenital cystic choristoma mimicking cervical lymphangioma
Choristoma is a tissue or mass with a normal histology at an abnormal location, and cystic choristoma has rarely been reported in the head and neck region. Cervical cystic masses in neonates are usually diagnosed as cystic lymphangioma. The authors present a case of a congenital laterocervical cystic mass that appeared to be lymphangioma, but which turned out to be a cystic choristoma.Segmental multicystic dysplasia and ureteropelvic junction obstruction in a nonduplicated kidney
A 2-month-old child presented for evaluation of prenatal hydronephrosis. Imaging studies were consistent with a right duplex system with a dysplastic, nonfunctioning upper pole and lower pole ureteropelvic junction obstruction. We proceeded with removal of the upper pole and pyeloplasty and were surprised to find a single collecting system with a cystic, dysplastic upper pole segment and the absence of an upper pole pelvis or ureter. The rare diagnosis of a segmental multicystic dysplastic kidney with ipsilateral ureteropelvic junction obstruction was made.Diaphragmatic lipoma in a 4-year-old girl: a case report
A lipoma of the diaphragm is extremely rare. Although most congenital diaphragmatic lipomas are encountered in middle or old age because of their typical asymptomatic nature, none have been reported in patients younger than 14 years. We report the case of a large diaphragmatic lipoma in a 4-year-old patient.Surgical repair of combined gastroschisis and sternal cleft
We present a case of prenatally diagnosed gastroschisis combined with a sternal cleft, as well as the successful surgical management of this unusual condition. Successful management of gastroschisis combined with sternal cleft has not been reported before in the literature.
